HSK 3 · INDIVIDUAL WORD LESSON
除了
Word meaning
apart from; besides; in addition to (used to exclude, as in 除了他，誰也沒來|除了他，谁也没来[chu2 le5 ta1 , shei2 ye3 mei2 lai2] "apart from him, nobody came", or to include, as in 除了英語，他也會法語|除了英语，他也会法语[chu2 le5 Ying1 yu3 , ta1 ye3 hui4 Fa3 yu3] "in addition to English, he also knows French"); (used to introduce one of two habitual alternatives in the pattern 除了[chu2 le5] + A + 就是[jiu4 shi4] + B, "either A or B")
Character components
- 阝fù / yìhill (left) / place (right)
- 余yúright hand
- 了leone
Etymology · 词源
Source confidence · 资料可信度：Source-backed · 有资料依据“除”的历史构形可以这样理解：阝主要提示意义范围；余主要提示较早的读音。这些部件的作用依据历史字形判断，不等同于今天看到的任意笔画组合。 “了”的历史构形可以这样理解：早期字形以图像方式表达意义。这些部件的作用依据历史字形判断，不等同于今天看到的任意笔画组合。 以上是各字的历史构形说明；“除了”作为现代词语时，应结合完整词义学习，不能把单字意义机械相加。
Phonosemantic compound. 阝 represents the meaning and 余 represents the sound. Pictograph of a young child, similar to 子 but without arms. Relation to meaning uncertain. Sometimes explained as a derivation from 子 by cutting off the arms, depicting something being cut short or finished. These notes explain the characters’ formation. Learn 除了 as a complete modern word rather than mechanically adding isolated character meanings.
Learning note · 学习提示：形旁通常提示意义范围，声旁通常提示较早的读音；现代普通话读音或字义可能已经发生变化。
部件联想帮助记忆字形，不代替严格的汉字字源研究。基础整体字不会为了动画而强行拆解。