HSK 5 · INDIVIDUAL WORD LESSON
缺乏
Word meaning
to lack; to be short of; lack; shortage
Character components
- 缶fǒujar
- 夬guàidecisive
- 之zhī(possessive particle, literary equivalent of 的[de5])
Etymology · 词源
Source confidence · 资料可信度：Source-backed · 有资料依据“缺”的历史构形可以这样理解：缶主要提示意义范围；夬主要提示较早的读音。这些部件的作用依据历史字形判断，不等同于今天看到的任意笔画组合。 “乏”的历史构形可以这样理解：之以图像或会意方式参与构形。这些部件的作用依据历史字形判断，不等同于今天看到的任意笔画组合。 以上是各字的历史构形说明；“缺乏”作为现代词语时，应结合完整词义学习，不能把单字意义机械相加。
Phonosemantic compound. 缶 represents the meaning and 夬 represents the sound. Line over 之 (foot), similar to how 正 (straight; correct) is a line over 止 (foot). Possibly represents the opposite of 正, since the top line in 乏 is written in the opposite direction as the top line in 正. These notes explain the characters’ formation. Learn 缺乏 as a complete modern word rather than mechanically adding isolated character meanings.
Learning note · 学习提示：形旁通常提示意义范围，声旁通常提示较早的读音；现代普通话读音或字义可能已经发生变化。 Semantic components often suggest a meaning range, while phonetic components often reflect an earlier pronunciation; modern Mandarin sound or meaning may have changed.
部件联想帮助记忆字形，不代替严格的汉字字源研究。基础整体字不会为了动画而强行拆解。Component associations support visual memory; they do not replace rigorous historical research. Basic whole characters are never forced into an artificial decomposition for animation.
KEEP LEARNING · 继续学习